Correlation between Left Ventricular End-diastolic Pressure and Peak Left Atrial Wall Strain during Left Ventricular Systole

Objective

Left atrial (LA) reservoir function is determined by integration of LA relaxation and left ventricular (LV) systolic function, and LV diastolic dysfunction increases LA volume at end systole. This study investigates the effect of LV end-diastolic pressure on LA wall tension during LV systole.

Methods

A total of 101 stable patients with sinus rhythm undergoing cardiac catheterization were studied. LA wall extension during LV systole was evaluated as LA wall strain in the longitudinal direction obtained using two-dimensional ultrasound speckle tracking imaging. LV end-diastolic pressure and LV end-systolic and end-diastolic volumes were obtained in cardiac catheterization, and LV ejection fraction was determined.

Results

Peak LA wall strain during LV systole had a significant inverse correlation with LV end-diastolic pressure (r = − 0.76, P < .0001). This correlation was also significant in patients with preserved LV systolic function (LV ejection fraction ≥50%) (r = − 0.64, P < .0001). In patients with peak LA wall strain during LV systole of less than 30%, 89% had elevated LV end-diastolic pressure (≥16 mm Hg).

Conclusion

Elevated LV end-diastolic pressure is associated with a decrease of peak LA wall strain in the longitudinal direction during LV systole. In patients with peak LA wall strain during LV systole of less than 30%, the majority had elevated LV end-diastolic pressure, while most patients with peak LA wall strain during LV systole 45% or higher had normal LV end-diastolic pressures. In patients whose LV ejection fraction is 50% or more, when peak LA wall strain during LV systole is between 30% and 44%, it is not possible to predict LV end-diastolic pressure from peak LA wall strain measures.

Keywords: Left atrium, Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, Myocardial strain, Speckle tracking imaging