Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography
Volume 23, Issue 7 , Pages 791.e5-791.e7 , July 2010

Are All Ventricular Septal Defects Created Equal?

  • Daniela Lax, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pediatrics and the Steele Children's Research Center, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: Daniela Lax, MD, University of Arizona, 1501 N Campbell Avenue, PO Box 245073, Tucson, AZ 85724-5073.
    • ,
  • Rajan D. Bhatt, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Sarver Heart Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
    • ,
  • Scott E. Klewer, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pediatrics and the Steele Children's Research Center, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
    • ,
  • Vincent L. Sorrell, MD, FACC

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Sarver Heart Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
    • Department of Radiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona

References 

  1. Wilson W, Taubert K, Gewitz M, Lockhart PB, Baddur LM, Levison M, et al. Prevention of infective endocarditis. Guidelines from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2007;116:1736–1754
  2. Guntheroth WG, Spiers PS. Is operative closure of a small ventricular septal defect required after an episode of infective endocarditis?. Am J Cardiol. 2005;95:960–962
  3. Gersony WM, Constance JH, Driscoll DJ, Keane JF, Kidd L, O'Fallon WM, et al. Bacterial endocarditis in patients with aortic stenosis, pulmonary stenosis or ventricular septal defect. Report from the second joint study on the natural history of congenital heart defects. Circulation. 1993;87(suppl):I-121–I-126
  4. Wu M-H, Wang J-K, Lin M-T, Wu E-T, Lu FL, Chiu S-N, et al. Ventricular septal defect with secondary left ventricular-to-right atrial shunt is associated with a higher risk for infective endocarditis and lower late chance of closure. Pediatrics. 2006;117:e262–e267
  5. Steckelberg JM, Wilson WR. Risk factors for infective endocarditis. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 1993;7:9–19
  6. Rodbard S. Blood velocity and endocarditis. Circulation. 1963;27:18–28

 This work was supported in part from the Allan C. Hudson and Helen Lovaas Endowed Chair of Cardiac Imaging (V.L.S.).

PII: S0894-7317(09)01153-5

doi: 10.1016/j.echo.2009.12.004

Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography
Volume 23, Issue 7 , Pages 791.e5-791.e7 , July 2010

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